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OBJECTIVE To understand the status of hand hygiene and hand-washing compliance in grass-roots hospitals and investigate the relation between hand hygiene and hospital infections to institute the administration strategy of hand hygiene.METHODS Hand contamination of medical staff in grass-roots hospitals was investigated.The species carrying were detected and the reason was analyzed.RESULTS The carrying rate of pathogenic bacteria before hand-washing was 100.0% while that after hand-washing was 36.5%.The pathogenic bacteria carrying included: Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Proteus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,P.alcaligenes,coagulase negative Staphylococcus,Enterococcus,etc.CONCLUSIONS The hand contamination is the important risk factor of cross infection.We should streng then hospital infections idea among medical staff,think highly of supervision of hand hygiene and enhance the recognition and compliance of hand-washing to eliminate effectively the cross infection transmitted through hands.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug-resistance status of Escherichia coli(ECO)from various kinds of specimens to provide the scientific evidence for reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS ECO strains were isolated and identified according to the National Clinical Laboratory Operation Rules.Drug resistance profile was analyzed by K-B method recommended by CLSI.RESULTS Among 275 ECO strains,50.2%(the most highest isolating rate)were isolated from urine.Detection rate of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs)producing ECO was 32.4%(89/275).Except for 100% susceptibility to carbopenems,the drug-resistance to 14 antibiotics in ESBLs producers was higher than in the nonproducers.CONCLUSIONS Laboratory department should think highly of the monitoring of ECO to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of the nosocomial infection with ECO.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the antibiotic resistance and nosocomial infections status of Staphylococcus aureus (SAU) and provide scientific evidence for diseasis diagnose and reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS A retrospective review was performed to analyze the clinical distribution of 321 isolates of SAU. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B method and drug-resistance results were analyzed. RESULTS SAU was found been resistant to the diverse antibiotics in different degree. However, the drug sensitivity rate to glycopeptide antibiotics was 100.0%, as well as to new type antibiotic of linezolid. The isolating rate of meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) reached 57.6%. CONCLUSIONS S. aureus shows multidrug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics. We should strengthen monitoring and controlling of it.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug-resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PAE) in nosocomial infections to provide the scientific evidence for the clinical use of the antibiotics.METHODS PAE was cultured and identified according to the National Rules of Procedures Clinical Laboratory.Drug resistance was analyzed by K-B methods.RESULTS A total of 318 strains of PAE were mainly isolated from intensive care unit(ICU),departments of cerebral surgery and chest surgery.Drug-resistance of PAE to 14 kinds of antibiotics showed that SXT(91.2%),cefotaxime(89.9%),aztreonam(70.1%),gentamicin and ciprofloxacin(69.8%),respectively.And the resistance to piperacillin,levofloxacin and cefepime was 50.0%.CONCLUSIONS Drug-resistance status of P.aeruginosa is very serious.Hospital should strengthen monitoring and controlling of it.
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OBJECTIVE To approach biosafety risk in laboratory department of grass roots hospital to formulate the effective management measurement.METHODS The existing problems of biosafety management in laboratory department of grass roots hospital were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS A series of problems such as personnel′s training of biosafety consciousness,construction arrangement,work environment,protection equipment and personnel′s work habit were existing.CONCLUSIONS Medical institution should execute strictly relative policies and regulations,and emphasis on the consummate biosafety management.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the infection status and drug resistance of mycoplasma and chlamydia isolated from female genitourinary tract in order to provide reference for doctors′ reasonable use of medicine.METHODS The IST2 kit produced by Bio-Merieux was used to culture the mycoplasma strains and to do drug susceptibility test.The VEDALAB kit was used to detect chlamydia.RESULTS Among 376 suspected patients with nongonococcal urethritis(NGU),the number of the patients infected by Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu),mixed strains of Uu and Mycoplasma hominis(Mh),and Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) were 216,35 and 125,respectively.The positive rate was 57.4%,9.3% and 33.3%,respctively.The drug susceptibility test showed that drug resistance rates of the other six antibiotics in mixed infection of Uu and Mh were higher than that in simple infection of Uu except for josamycin,ofloxacin and doxycycline.The sensitivity of doxycycline,josamycin and platenomycin in mycoplasma was the most highest.CONCLUSIONS Infection in female genitourinary tract is mainly due to Uu.We should reasonably choose and use antibiotics according to drug susceptibility.